Thursday, April 4, 2013

TED Talks - Sustainability by Design

Below are some quotes and my informal notes from listing to a wonderful set of TED Talks: Sustainability by design (7 talks).

1. Catherine Mohr builds green
  • How much embodied energy does it take to build a house?
  • For details see www.301monroe.com
2. Kamal Meattle: How to grow fresh air
  • THREE basic common green plants which we can grow all the fresh air we need indoors to keep us healthy. We have also found that you can reduce the fresh air requirements into the building while maintaining industrial indoor air quality standards. 
2.1 Areca Palm "The living room plant" (Chrysalidocarpus lutescens)
  • Removes c02 and converts it to oxygen. 
  • 4 plants per person. 
  • Wipe leaves daily in dirty cities or once per week in clear air cities. 
  • Grow them in ? manure or hydroponics.  
  • Take them outdoors every 3 months. 

2.2 Mother-in-law's Tongue "The bedroom plant" (Sansevieria trifasciata
  • Converts c02 into oxygen at night. 
  • 6-8 waist high plants per person. 

2.3 Money Plant "The specialist plant" (Epipremnum aureum)
  • Removes formaldehyde and other ? chemicals. 
Additional notes
  • With these three plants you can grow all the fresh air you need, even if you were in a bottle. 
  • Tried and tested these plants for 15 years at:
  • Paharpur Business Centre and Software Technology Incubator Park, New Delhi, India. 
  • It is a 20 year old, 50,000 sq. ft. building. 
  • Over 1,200 plants for 300 building occupants. 
  • Their studies found there is a 42% probability that one’s blood oxygen going up by 1% if one stays in this building for 10 hours.  Reduced eye irritation by 52%.  Respiratory system by 34%.  Headaches by 24%.  Lung impairment by 12%.  Asthma by 9%.  Increased productivity 20%.  Reduction in building energy requirements by 15%. 
  • “Be the change you wish to see in the world” said Gandhi. 

3. Mike Biddle: We can recycle plastic
  • The Garbage Man! 
  • Your stuff. 
  • “Above-Ground Mines”. 
  • Recovering and recycling our stuff. 
  • Take clues from mother-nature who recycles and reuses most everything. 
4.  Eben Bayer: Are mushrooms the new plastic? 
  • Using mushrooms to create an entirely new class of materials. 
  • Create materials that fit into nature’s natural recycling environment. 
  • Mushrooms are a recycling system. 
  • Mycellum 100% biodegradable = fire, insulating, and water resistant. 
5.  Mitchell Joachim: Don't build your home, grow it! 
  • TED Fellow and urban designer Mitchell Joachim presents his vision for sustainable, organic architecture: eco-friendly abodes grown from plants and -- wait for it – meat
  • Why?  Because we can! 
  • Pleatching or grafting trees together – a fab tree hab. 
  • Sustainable organic architecture. 
  • What if architecture and biology became one? 
6.  Anupam Mishra: The ancient ingenuity of water harvesting 
  • Perhaps we should move quickly to the desert? 
  • Welcome to India’s golden desert. 
  • 40 different names of clouds, though there are not many clouds in that area. 
  • Structures that harvest rain collects 100,000 litters pure (0b) drinking water in one season – superior to modern commercial water megaprojects. 
  • Every roof collects rain water. 

7. Dan Phillips: Creative houses from reclaimed stuff 
 
7.1 The First Cause of Waste is probably buried in our DNA 
  • "Human beings have a need for maintaining consistency of the apperceptive mass.  Meaning is “that for every perception that we have, it needs to tally with the one like it before or we do not have continuity and we become a little bit disoriented”. 
  • “Rattles the expected pattern in unity of structural features”. 
  • “Gestalt psychology emphasizes the recognized of pattern over parts that comprise a pattern”. 
  • "That serves me everyday.  Repetition creates pattern”. 
  • Throwing away things that are not perfect causes a lot of waste in the building industry. 

7.2 Friedrich Nietzsche 1885 “The Birth of Tragedy”
  • “Cultures tend to swing between one of two perspectives: 
  • Apollonian perspective “Crisp, premeditated, intellectualized, and perfect.” 
  • - versus -
  • Dionysian perspective “passion, intuition,  tolerant of organic texture and human gesture.”
  • I feature blemish! 
  • I feature organize process! 
  • Apollonian mindset creates mountains of waste. 

7.3  The industrial revolution ...
  • ... has created gizmos that will do anything, that we up to that point had to do by hand.  Now we have standardized materials.  Well trees don’t grow 2 inches by 4 inches, 8, 10, and 12 feet tall.  We create mountains of waste.  Trees are doing a good job in the forest working the byproduct of their industry. 
  • “But it does no good to be responsible at the point of harvest if consumers are wasting the harvest at the point of consumption”. 

7.4 Labor is disproportionately more expensive that materials (myth). 
  • Jim was digging through the trash to find header material.  “If you were paying me $300 an hour I can see how you might say that but right now I am saving you $5 a minute.  Do the math. 

7.5 Maybe after 2,500 years Plato was still having his way with us with this notion of perfect forms. 
  • He said we have in our noggin the perfect idea of what we want and we force environmental resources to accommodate that – the perfect house, the American dream.  The problem is that we can’t afford it, so we have the American dream look-alike which is a mobile home - now there is a blight on the plant. 

7.6 Jean-Paul Sartre "Being and Nothingness"
  • It’s a quick read – you can snap through it in maybe two years reading 8 hours a day. 
  • Sartre discusses “The divided self” – human beings act differently when they know they are alone compared to when they know somebody else is around. 
  • “So when you come into the room, I am fulfilling your expectations of how I should live my life”.  I feel that expectation.  Subdivisions look the same.  Gated communities, a formalized expectation! 

7.7 Gregariousness
  • Human beings are a social species -  we hang together in groups – we do what that group does, that we are trying to identify with! 
  • We have confused Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and have shoved vanity at the base of our needs and values. 
  • “Our housing has become a commodity”. 
  • “It takes a little bit of nerve to dive into those primal terrifying parts of ourselves and make our own decisions”.  And not make our housing a commodity”
  • “If failure destroys you, then you can do this”. 
  • Some people say to us, that is really not going to work. 
  • We are tempted to say, go such an egg. 
  •  “We may have invented excess, but the problem with waste is world-wide”. 
  • “We clearly are in trouble”. 
  • Try something new.  If it does not work, take it down - that’s OK! 
  • “What we need to do is reconnect with who we really primal parts of ourselves, and that’s thrilling indeed”. 
 ---
Michael Rybin~۩~
Architecture is a wonderful life
Copyright© 2013 Michael Rybin All Rights Reserved.


Tuesday, April 2, 2013

Essay, A Global History of the Pre-Dawn of Architecture


Arch 3210 Survey of World Architecture 1                                                               Michael Rybin
Professor: Shundana Yusaf                                                                                        Fall 2012
Monday 10 Sept 2012

 

A Global History of the Pre-Dawn of Architecture

From the beginning of time or the period of enlightenment, humans have lived on the earth.  This time is also known as the age of certainty or the age of reason versus belief.  Around the eighteenth century, the German philosopher Immanuel Kant wrote about the period of enlightenment with ideas like every man is capable of reason so common man should challenge intellectual ideas of speculation that are not based on experience.   

            Around or between the renaissance and baroque periods, Swiss art critic Heinrich Wolfflin wrote three very influential books that continue to be used by architects today, the Renaissance und Barock (1888), Die Klassische Kunst (1898, "Classic Art"), and Kunstgeschichtliche Grundbegriffe (1915, "Principles of Art History").  Heinrich capture the zeitgeist or culture and time by looking at form and appearance and geometry in art paintings to produce empathy with prior civilizations and architecture. 

How do local historians imagine the world of architecture historically?  How do they read buildings around the world, both past and present? 

            Many scientist and people believe human evolution began with pre-human primates followed by Homo Erectus in Africa from 150,000 BP who walk on two feet, had fire, and stone tools, but no language or ability to speak or communicate because we have no recorded evidence like pictures or books on stone or metal, or other materials.  Perhaps Homo erectus people had communication and prodigious intelligence or photographic memories of knowledge they passed from father and mother to children and neighbors which required no dependences on recording devices like books or Google. 
 
Home erectus: range ca. 150,000 BP

Later Home Sapiens are a different species believed by some scientist to have unique genes, language, tools, and ochre, symbolic expression through geometrical drawings and etchings.  The original meaning of these and other archaeological findings like necklaces and dwellings are unknown but  interpreted as a more intelligent civilization with language, kingship, abstract thinking, and ritual practices including status, marriage, and hunting and dance ceremony and organized architecture.  In addition, it is believe these people had an understanding about the relationship between nature and man, animals and humans and the dead and living.  Some of these interpretations are based on the lives of people living in Africa today. 

          Cave drawings in Africa from 25,000 BC help us learn about the first plan city that seemed to be dominated or synchronized with nature and hunting and agriculture near rivers.  Historically oral storytellers shared or transferred their ideas about life and experience. What did one culture know about past cultures was sometimes lost in translation. 
 


Chauvet Cave Drawings 30,000 BCE


The modern city with the latest technology is based on previous knowledge and solves prior problems of function and representation.  In the last twenty years, the global approach or conscience of architecture has evolved from a connection of many ideas around the world.  Economics, trade, tools, philosophy, travel instantaneously bridged what one builder knows about architecture in a faraway country with another engineer on the other side of the world. 


      Buildings have also evolved from basic shelters to encompass commerce, culture, landmarks, symbolic and religion.  Specific buildings have connections to past civilizations are now used as tourist sites which is completely different from their originally intended function.  Knowledge of precedence and presence, multi-cultured universal values including common rights from all cultures drives us forward while looking at the past in our rear-view mirror. 


 

References

  • Personal notes taken from Professor Shundana Yusaf lecture-one August 20, and lecture-two Aug 22, 2012. 
  • Photos from professor’s Shundana Yusaf lecture slides.  

---
Michael Rybin~۩~
Architecture is a wonderful life
Copyright© 2013 Michael Rybin All Rights Reserved.